i-valve yokuphepha iyisisetshenziswa sokuphepha esisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukucindezela kwemishini yokucindezela ukuba idlule inani elivumelekile. Umsebenzi we-valve yokuphepha ubonakala ngenqubo yesenzo elandelayo: Uma uhlelo lufinyelela ukucindezela okuphezulu okuvunyelwe, i-valve yokuphepha ingavula ngokunembile, futhi ifinyelele ngokushesha ukuphakama okulinganiselwe kokuvula, futhi ikhiphe inani elilinganiselwe lendawo yokusebenza; i-valve yokuphepha isesimweni esivulekile Ukukhishwa kufanele kuzinzile; lapho ukucindezela kwesistimu kwehla ngenani elithile, i-valve yokuphepha kufanele ivalwe ngesikhathi, futhi esimweni esivaliwe, kufanele igcinwe ohlotsheni oluvaliwe. Okulandelayo kuchaza izidingo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zamavalvu okuphepha.
1. Vula ngokunembile
I-valve yokuphepha kufanele ivuleke ngokuthembekile ekuphakameni okucacisiwe okuvula ngaphansi kwengcindezi enqunywe kusengaphambili futhi ifinyelele umthamo wokukhipha ocacisiwe. Lesi yisidingo esiyisisekelo se-valve yokuphepha. Okungukuthi, lapho ukucindezela kwe-inlet ye-valve yokuphepha kufinyelela ekucindezelweni okumisiwe okunqunywe kusengaphambili, i-valve yokuphepha kufanele ivule ngokunembile futhi ifinyelele ngokushesha ukuphakama okuvuliwe okucacisiwe.
Lapho ingcindezi ohlelweni ifinyelela ekucindezelweni okuphezulu okuvunyelwe, ukusabela okungenazwelo kwe-valve yokuphepha ekwandeni kokucindezela kuzoholela ezimweni eziyingozi ezifana nokuqhekeka nokulimala kwama-boilers, imikhumbi yokucindezela kanye namapayipi. Ikakhulukazi kumithombo yegesi ecindezelayo, ingozi iphezulu.
Ingcindezi ebekiwe ye-valve yokuphepha akufanele ibe nkulu kunevelu yengcindezi yokuklama ye-boiler, isitsha sokucindezela kanye nepayipi.
Ukuchezuka kokucindezela okuhle kwe-valve yokuphepha kubalulwe ngokucacile emithethweni efanele kanye namazinga. Lapho i-valve yokuphepha ilungiselelwa ukucindezela kokusetha, ukuphambuka kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kobubanzi obucacisiwe.
2. Ukukhishwa okuzinzile
Ngemuva kokuthi i-valve yokuphepha ifinyelele ekuphakameni okucacisiwe okuvula, igcina isimo sokukhipha esizinzile futhi ingakhipha inani elilinganiselwe lendawo yokusebenza. Kufanele kube nezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini (akunakweqa imvamisa, ukuxoxa, njll.) phakathi nenqubo yokukhipha okuphakathi. Lesi sidingo sibaluleke kakhulu.
I-valve yokuphepha kufanele ibe nesakhiwo esinengqondo kanye nesiphethu esinokuqina okunengqondo ukuze kugcinwe izici ezinhle zemishini kanye namandla okukhipha okuzinzile. Ubukhulu bomzila wokugeleza wevalvu yokuphepha kufanele buhlangabezane nezidingo zepharamitha ezidingekayo ekubaleni. Uma indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-flow passage incane kakhulu, ngemva kokuvulwa kwe-valve yokuphepha, ingxenye yokucindezela okweqile ye-medium ayikwazi ukukhishwa ngesikhathi, futhi ukucindezela kwesistimu kuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, okuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma indawo ye-cross-sectional ye-flow passage inkulu kakhulu, ngemva kokuvulwa kwe-valve yokuphepha, ingcindezi izokwehla kakhulu ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokusebenza, futhi i-disc ye-valve yokuphepha izovala futhi ibangele umthelela onobudlova esihlalweni se-valve; noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi i-system pressure rise factor ayikakaqediwe, i-disc izophinda Ivule ukuze ifake i-frequency jump, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isihlalo se-valve kanye nendawo yokuvala i-disc izolimala ngenxa yemiphumela ephindaphindiwe. Uma amavalvu okuphepha esetshenziselwa uketshezi olungenakucindezelwa, ukweqa kwamafrikhwensi kungase kubangele isando samanzi ohlelweni.
Ukucindezela kwe-inlet ye-valve yokuphepha lapho ifinyelela ukuphakama kokuvula okulinganiselwe kubizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi yokukhipha. Isetshenziswa emithonjeni yezindaba ehlukene noma emithonjeni yezindaba efanayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokusebenza, futhi ingcindezi yayo elinganiselwe yokukhipha ihlukile, ebekwe ngokucacile emithethweni efanele kanye namazinga. Ivamise ukuvezwa njengephesenti lokucindezela okusethiwe elidlula inani. Isakhiwo se-valve yokuphepha kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi ukucindezela kokukhishwa okulinganiselwe kulawulwa ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwebanga elicacisiwe.
3. Vala ngesikhathi
Lapho ukukhishwa kwe-valve yokuphepha kunciphisa ukucindezela okuphakathi kwenani elithile, i-valve flap ingena ekuxhumaneni nendawo yokuvala yesihlalo se-valve futhi ifinyelele esimweni esivaliwe futhi. I-valve yokuphepha ingahlala futhi ivalwe ngesikhathi nangempumelelo, okuyinkomba ebalulekile yokusebenza kahle.
Isenzo se-valve yokuphepha asidingi ukuthi okokusebenza noma uhlelo luyeke ukusebenza noma lulungiswe. Ngezinye izikhathi, isenzo se-valve yokuphepha sibangelwa izici zengozi ezifana nokungahambi kahle ohlelweni. Kulesi simo, akuyona into efiselekayo ukuthi ukucindezela kokubuya kwe-valve yokuphepha kuphansi kakhulu kunokucindezela kokusebenza. Ingcindezi yokubuyisela ephansi kakhulu isho ukulahlekelwa amandla ngokweqile naphakathi, futhi iphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwalo lonke uhlelo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ingcindezi yesihlalo emuva ayiphezulu kakhulu. Uma ingcindezi yokubuyisela iseduze nokucindezela kokuvula, kulula ukubangela ukuthi i-valve yokuphepha ivuleke kabusha, okwenza i-valve yokuphepha igxume njalo, futhi akusizi ukumisa kabusha uphawu ngemva kokuvala. Ukwengeza, uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-valve yokuphepha ayikwazi ukuvalwa ngokuthembekile, njengoba i-medium phakathi kwezindawo zokuvala i-sealing ayinqanyuliwe ngokuphelele, akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela ukusebenza kokuvala ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile yokusebenza yesistimu.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-valve yokuphepha kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi ingavalwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Ukubuya kwesihlalo esisheshayo nesinamandla kusiza kakhulu ekusungulweni kokuvaleleka kunokubuya kancane kancane nokunensa kwezihlalo.
Ukusebenza kokubuya kwesihlalo se-valve yokuphepha kulinganiswa ngenani lokucindezela kokuvula, okuvame ukunqunywa umehluko wokuvula nokuvala wengcindezi. Amavalvu okuphepha asetshenziselwa imidiya ehlukene anomehluko ohlukile wengcindezi yokuvula nokuvala, ebekwe ngokucacile emithethweni efanele kanye namazinga.
4. Ukubekwa uphawu okuthembekile
Lapho uhlelo oluvikelekile lusengcindezini evamile yokusebenza, i-valve yokuphepha evaliwe inomsebenzi wokuvala okuhle nokuthembekile. Ngenxa yokuthi i-valve yokuphepha iyavuza, indawo yokusebenza (ngezinye izikhathi ebiza kakhulu noma eyingozi) izolahleka, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokwenyuka, futhi indawo ezungezile nomkhathi kuzongcoliswa indlela yokusebenza. Ukuvuza okweqile kuzothinta nokusebenza okuvamile kwesisetshenziswa noma isistimu, futhi kuphoqelele idivayisi ukuthi iyeke ukusebenza. Ukuvuza okuqhubekayo kuzophinde kulimaze indawo evalekayo yevalvu yokuphepha, okuholela ekuhlulekeni ngokuphelele kwevalvu yokuphepha.
Ukuphinda umise uphawu ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwevalve yokuphepha kunzima kakhulu kunokugcina isimo sophawu sokuqala. Ngenxa yokuthi i-valve yokuphepha ivaliwe, ingcindezi ephakathi nendawo isebenza endaweni enkulu ye-valve disc, kodwa ngaphambi kokuvula, isebenza kuphela endaweni encane evinjelwe indawo yokuvala. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kokuvala i-valve yokuphepha cishe kuzoncishiswa ngemva kokusebenza, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kulahleke. Ikakhulukazi, kunzima kakhulu ukuxazulula uphawu lwe-back-seat ye-valve yokuphepha ebamba umthwalo oqondile. Kuma-valve okuphepha anezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisizayo, le nkinga ixazululwa ngokuvala uphawu ngempoqo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukudinga amavalvu okuphepha ukuze agcine ukucinana kunamavalvu avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvala ukuvala. Ngenxa yokuthi awekho amandla amakhulu asetshenziswa phakathi kwezimpawu, i-disc ye-valve yokuphepha ibambelela esihlalweni se-valve kuphela ukuze yenze ukucindezela kophawu ngengcindezi encane yophawu oluthile. Ukucindezela kokuvala kunqunywa umehluko phakathi kokucindezela kokubeka kwe-valve yokuphepha kanye nokucindezela kokusebenza kwemishini, ngokuvamile inani elincane (ngokuvamile i-10% yokucindezela kokubeka), ngakho ubukhulu kanye nobukhulu obuphezulu bobuso bokuvala i-valve yokuphepha kuyadingeka Kuqine kakhulu.
Izidingo zokuqina kwe-valve yokuphepha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo ezimaphakathi noma zokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, kunzima ukufeza i-valve yokuphepha enendawo yokuvala yensimbi-yensimbi ukuze ungatholi ukuvuza. I-valve yokuphepha enesakhiwo sokuvala esithambile se-metal-nonmetal sinokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kokuvala.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-02-2021